Lipopolysaccharide, Lipoproteins and PeptidoglycansĪbsent or lower content of lipids than Gram Negative bacteriaĬontains higher content of lipids than Gram positive bacteria (due to presence of outer membrane)Įndotoxins and Exotoxins (Primarily Endotoxins)Īfter digestion of peptidoglycan layer, Gram +ve bacteria become Protoplast.Īfter digestion of peptidoglycan layer, Gram -ve bacteria become Spheroplast. Peptidoglycan, Teichoic acid Lipotechoic acid Retain crystal violet dye and stain blue or purple. coli), Salmonella, Shigella, and other Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonas, Moraxella, Helicobacter, Stenotrophomonas, Bdellovibrio, acetic acid bacteria, Legionella etc.Along with their staining characteristics, Gram Positive and Gram Negative bacteria differ from each other in various aspects which are listed below : Differences Between Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria S.N. While there are estimated to be over 10,000 species of bacteria, they can be categorized into a few helpful categories. Their inner structure is simple composing mainly of capsule, cellular wall, cytoplasm, ribosomes, DNA, pili, and flagellum. In formal descriptions of the germ-fighting powers of antibacterial and biocidal products, the terms 'Gram positive' and 'Gram negative' are used as a way to categorize bacteria. Gram negative bacteria: Escherichia coli (E. Differences Between Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria By Editorial Team MaBacteria are a huge group of single-celled microscopic organisms categorized as prokaryotic cells (lack true nucleus).Gram positive bacteria: Actinomyces, Bacillus, Clostridium, Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, Gardnerella, Lactobacillus, Listeria, Mycoplasma, Nocardia, Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Streptomyces, etc.Source: Examples of Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria Gram Negative bacteria: red or pink color Bacteria are traditionally classified based on their Gram-staining response into the gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.Gram Positive bacteria: blue or purple color.Air dry method can also be used after shaking off excess water Gram staining technique is to distinguish the two types of bacteria based on the difference in their cell wall structures. The safranin solution is washed off with water, and excess water is blotted with the bibulous paper. Gram Staining First, crystal violet, a primary stain, is applied to a heat-fixed smear, giving all of the cells a purple color. The smear is counterstained with safranin solution for 40 to 60 seconds.To prevent excess decolorization in the gram-positive cells, addition of decolorizer is stopped as soon as the solvent is not colored as it flows over the slide A few drops of decolorizer are added to the slide which is known as “solvent treatment.” And then slide is rinsed with water in 5 seconds.Excess water from the surface is taken off by shaking Gram-positive bacteria stain blue when this stain is applied to them. Iodine solution is poured and covered the smear for 10 to 60 seconds which is known as “fixing the dye.” Iodine solution is poured off, and the slide is rinsed with running water. Gram-positive bacteria are classified by the color they turn after a chemical called Gram stain is applied to them.After 10 to 60 seconds, the stain is poured off, and the excess stain is rinsed with water to wash off the stain without losing the fixed culture.Crystal Violet was poured and kept for about 30 seconds to 1 minutes.The gram stain dye is retained in the cell wall due. When the negative gram bacteria is stained with safranin or fuchsin in the experiment, it gives red or pink color. The cell wall of gram positive bacteria is smooth, whereas the cell wall of gram-negative bacteria is wavy.
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